肥料促使雨林排放更多二氧化碳
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Fertiliser use in tropical rainforest soils is increasing the amount of greenhouse gas carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere, say researchers.
The study published this week (June 19) in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences shows how soil microbes increased their emissions of carbon dioxide by about 20 per cent over a year when phosphorus or nitrogen were added to areas of forest in Costa Rica.
"This is the first time anyone has taken a close look at how changes in key nutrients may alter soil carbon dioxide emissions in tropical forests," says lead researcher Cory Cleveland of the University of Colorado, United States. He says that what happens in the tropics affects the rest of the planet.
Both phosphorus and nitrogen are key nutrients for living organisms. But Cleveland says that human activities, namely burning fossil fuels and using fertilisers in agriculture, has increased their prevalence in the environment.
He says his study shows that even small changes in nutrients could have a profound impact on the release of carbon dioxide from tropical rainforest soils.
Tropical rainforests play an important role in regulating atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, accounting for at least one third of the biosphere–atmosphere carbon dioxide exchange.
Martyn Caldwell, a program director at the US National Science Foundation which funded the research, says the team's finding is "a new dimension in understanding these important ecosystems".
Source: SciDev.Net
研究人员发现，热带雨林土壤中的化肥使用正在增加排放到大气中的温室气体二氧化碳的数量。
发表在本周（6月19日）PNAS上的研究结果阐述了当磷或氮肥料施用到哥斯达黎加的林区时，土壤微生物以大约每年20％的速度递增它们二氧化碳释放量的机理。
该研究的主要研究者美国科罗拉多大学的Cory Cleveland表示：“这是人们第一次深入探究主要营养元素的变化将如何改变热带雨林中来自土壤的二氧化碳释放量；热带雨林出现的变化会影响地球上的其他地区。”
磷和氮是生物的主要营养元素。但Cleveland说，人类活动，如燃烧化石燃料和农业中应用化肥，已经使这两种元素在环境中变得更为普遍存在。
他说，他的研究表明，即使营养方面的微小变化，也可能对热带雨林土壤的二氧化碳释放量产生深远影响。
热带雨林在调节大气二氧化碳水平方面扮演重要角色，大概占至少1/3的生物圈－大气二氧化碳交换（是由热带雨林完成的）。
来自资助该研究的美国国家科学基金会的项目指导者Martyn Caldwell说：“该研究组的发现是理解这些重要的生态系统的一个新角度”。
源自：SciDev.Net
编者注：本文由丁香园网友atgc翻译。
编辑：西门吹血
The study published this week (June 19) in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences shows how soil microbes increased their emissions of carbon dioxide by about 20 per cent over a year when phosphorus or nitrogen were added to areas of forest in Costa Rica.
"This is the first time anyone has taken a close look at how changes in key nutrients may alter soil carbon dioxide emissions in tropical forests," says lead researcher Cory Cleveland of the University of Colorado, United States. He says that what happens in the tropics affects the rest of the planet.
Both phosphorus and nitrogen are key nutrients for living organisms. But Cleveland says that human activities, namely burning fossil fuels and using fertilisers in agriculture, has increased their prevalence in the environment.
He says his study shows that even small changes in nutrients could have a profound impact on the release of carbon dioxide from tropical rainforest soils.
Tropical rainforests play an important role in regulating atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, accounting for at least one third of the biosphere–atmosphere carbon dioxide exchange.
Martyn Caldwell, a program director at the US National Science Foundation which funded the research, says the team's finding is "a new dimension in understanding these important ecosystems".
Source: SciDev.Net
研究人员发现，热带雨林土壤中的化肥使用正在增加排放到大气中的温室气体二氧化碳的数量。
发表在本周（6月19日）PNAS上的研究结果阐述了当磷或氮肥料施用到哥斯达黎加的林区时，土壤微生物以大约每年20％的速度递增它们二氧化碳释放量的机理。
该研究的主要研究者美国科罗拉多大学的Cory Cleveland表示：“这是人们第一次深入探究主要营养元素的变化将如何改变热带雨林中来自土壤的二氧化碳释放量；热带雨林出现的变化会影响地球上的其他地区。”
磷和氮是生物的主要营养元素。但Cleveland说，人类活动，如燃烧化石燃料和农业中应用化肥，已经使这两种元素在环境中变得更为普遍存在。
他说，他的研究表明，即使营养方面的微小变化，也可能对热带雨林土壤的二氧化碳释放量产生深远影响。
热带雨林在调节大气二氧化碳水平方面扮演重要角色，大概占至少1/3的生物圈－大气二氧化碳交换（是由热带雨林完成的）。
来自资助该研究的美国国家科学基金会的项目指导者Martyn Caldwell说：“该研究组的发现是理解这些重要的生态系统的一个新角度”。
源自：SciDev.Net
编者注：本文由丁香园网友atgc翻译。
编辑：西门吹血
作者: atgc 译
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