锻炼训练改变小鼠和人的皮下白色脂肪组织（scWAT）

脂肪组织在系统性血糖稳态的管理中起到了重要的作用。我们研究了锻炼训练对小鼠和人的皮下白色脂肪组织的作用。对小鼠的十一天的志愿轮训练（70±8 千米/每只老鼠）结果是皮下白色脂肪组织显著改变，并且还合并了1550种基因表达的增高(P<0.05; Q<0.25)和在皮下白色脂肪组织中类棕色脂肪细胞的代谢活性增加。（例如。增强的UCP1荧光显示, Vegfa mRNA,耗氧量，多腔外观等）。为了验证这一情况是否在人体也类似，我们对10位健康男性[平均年龄31岁（27-34）；BMI为24.9（23.4-34）]进行了为期12周的训练项目，结果VO2max（最大摄氧量）增加了20.4%（8.7-43.6）。训练显著增加了许多“棕色脂肪”标记物在人体皮下白色脂肪的数量（例如UCP1 VEGFa）。为了验证这一皮下白色脂肪组织对训练引起的血糖稳态改善的贡献程度。我们将进行了训练的老鼠和静坐不动的老鼠的进行移植以进行比较。九天后，接受了训练后的皮下白色脂肪组织的老鼠血糖耐受性得到改善，并且和接受了静坐不动老鼠或伪手术组相比，胰岛素敏感性也得到了改善。接受了进行训练小鼠的皮下白色脂肪组织的小鼠，其前胫骨肌，比目鱼肌和棕色脂肪组织中的胰岛素刺激的胰岛素摄取增加，显示着移植的皮下白色脂肪组织发挥了内分泌作用。当来自运动和静息小鼠的皮下白色脂肪组织移植到高脂肪喂养的静息的小鼠受体后，其血糖耐受性和胰岛素敏感性增加并至少持续到移植后12周，在接受训练小鼠的皮下白色脂肪组织中效果更为显著。锻炼训练导致皮下白色脂肪组织改变，进一步改善了其他组织的新陈代谢。皮下白色脂肪组织展示了一种之前未了解的既锻炼后的脂肪组织对全身系统血糖稳态的有益作用。

Exercise Training Alters Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue (scWAT) in Mice and Humans

Kristin I. Stanford PhD

Adipose tissue plays an important role in the regulation of systemic glucose homeostasis. We determined the effects of exercise training on scWAT from mice and human subjects.

Eleven days of voluntary wheel training of mice (70±8 km/mouse) resulted in profound changes in scWAT including the increased expression of ~1550 genes (P<0.05; Q<0.25) and the development of metabolically active brown fat-like adipocytes within the scWAT (e.g. increased UCP1 immunofluorescence Vegfa mRNA oxygen consumption multilocular appearance). To determine if adaptations occur in humans 10 healthy men [age=31y (range 27-34); BMI=24.9 (23.4-26.3)] underwent a 12 week training program that increased VO2max by 20.4% (8.7-43.6). Training significantly increased some markers of “browning” in human scWAT (e.g UCP1 VEGFa). To determine if adaptations to scWAT contribute to training-induced improvements in glucose homeostasis scWAT from trained or sedentary donor mice was transplanted into the visceral cavity of sedentary mice. Nine days after transplantation mice receiving scWAT from trained mice had improved glucose tolerance and enhanced insulin sensitivity compared to mice transplanted with scWAT from sedentary mice or Sham-operated mice. Mice transplanted with scWAT from trained mice had increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in tibialis anterior and soleus muscles and brown adipose tissue suggesting the transplanted scWAT exerted endocrine effects. When scWAT from trained and sedentary mice was transplanted into high-fat fed sedentary recipients glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were improved for at least 12 weeks post-transplantation an effect that was significantly more pronounced in mice receiving scWAT from trained mice. Exercise training causes adaptations to scWAT that elicit metabolic improvements in other tissues demonstrating a previously unrecognized role for adipose tissue in the beneficial effects of exercise on systemic glucose homeostasis.

编辑： 黄石    来源：丁香园