JAMA:老年人群中高敏肌钙蛋白水平及其动态变化与心衰 以及心血管事件死亡风险相关
发布日期:2011-07-28 14:17 文章来源:互联网
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12月8日出版的JAMA刊登了题为“Association of Serial Measures of Cardiac Troponin T Using a Sensitive Assay With Incident Heart Failure and Cardiovascular Mortality in Older Adults”的论文。
该研究分为两个部分。在第一部分研究中,研究者纳入了4221名年龄大于65周岁、且无心衰病史的普通老年人群作为队列,并检测了其血清高敏肌钙蛋白基线水平。通过分析基线高敏肌钙蛋白水平与队列人群的临床特征,作者发现:老年人群血清高敏肌钙蛋白的检出率(高出检测上限3pg/ml)约为67%,且高敏肌钙蛋白水平与冠心病、肾功能、糖尿病,BNP等相关,但与BMI无关。随后作者对队列人群进行了2-3年的随访,发现患者基线高敏肌钙蛋白水平越高,心衰的发生率和心血管事件死亡事件发生的风险也越高,在校正了人口学特征以及传统的心衰危险因素后,基线高敏肌钙蛋白水平与心衰的发生率和心血管事件死亡事件发生的风险之间的关系仍然存在。
在第二部分的研究中,作者对幸存的人群进行了高敏肌钙蛋白水平的检测,并根据其与首次高敏肌钙蛋白水平的关系将人群分为三组:高敏肌钙蛋白水平的较首次检测降低了50%(A组)、与首次检测结果比较,高敏肌钙蛋白水平变化幅度小于50%(B组)、高敏肌钙蛋白水平较首次检测结果增高了50%(C组)。通过统计学分析后作者发现,高敏肌钙蛋白水平增高的个体(C组),其心血管事件死亡风险和心衰的发生率显著高于高敏肌钙蛋白水平变化不大的个体(B组);高敏肌钙蛋白水平水平降低的个体(A组),其心血管事件死亡风险和心衰的发病率显著低于高敏肌钙蛋白水平变化不大的个体(B组)。在校正了传统的心血管事件死亡风险的危险因素以及基线高敏肌钙蛋白水平水平后,高敏肌钙蛋白水平的改变与心血管事件死亡风险和心衰发生率的关系仍然存在。
最重要的是,统计学分析表明:高敏肌钙蛋白基线水平以及其变化状况,均可以增加常规风险因子的预示作用。
该研究揭示了老年人群中,基线肌钙蛋白水平以及2-3年内高敏肌钙蛋白水平的变化状况均是发生心衰以及心血管事件死亡事件的预示因子,丰富了高敏肌钙蛋白水平的临床意义。结合JAMA同期发表的的另一篇研究 似乎提示我们,在普通人群,特别是老年人群中,采用高敏肌钙蛋白进行危险分层,可能有助于心血管疾病的防治。当然,其确切的防治效果还需要一个大型的RCT予以证明。
Association of serial measures of cardiac troponin T using a sensitive assay with incident heart failure and cardiovascular mortality in older adults.
CONTEXT: Older adults comprise the majority of new-onset heart failure (HF) diagnoses, but traditional risk-factor prediction models have limited accuracy in this population to identify those at highest risk for hospitalization or death.
OBJECTIVES: To determine if cardiac troponin T (cTnT) measured by a highly sensitive assay would be detectable in the majority of community-dwelling older adults, and if serial measures were associated with risk of HF hospitalization and cardiovascular death.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A longitudinal nationwide cohort study (Cardiovascular Health Study) of 4221 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older without prior HF who had cTnT measured using a highly sensitive assay at baseline (1989-1990) and repeated after 2 to 3 years (n = 2918).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: New-onset HF and cardiovascular death were examined through June 2008 with respect to cTnT concentrations, accounting for clinical risk predictors.
RESULTS: Cardiac troponin T was detectable (≥3.00 pg/mL) in 2794 participants (66.2%). During a median follow-up of 11.8 years, 1279 participants experienced new-onset HF and 1103 cardiovascular deaths occurred, with a greater risk of both end points associated with higher cTnT concentrations. Among those participants with the highest cTnT concentrations (>12.94 pg/mL), there was an incidence rate per 100 person-years of 6.4 (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.8-7.2; adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.48; 95% CI, 2.04-3.00) for HF and an incidence rate of 4.8 (95% CI, 4.3-5.4; aHR, 2.91; 95% CI, 2.37-3.58) for cardiovascular death compared with participants with undetectable cTnT levels (incidence rate, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.4-1.8 and 1.1; 95% CI, 0.9-1.2 for HF and cardiovascular death, respectively). Among individuals with initially detectable cTnT, a subsequent increase of more than 50% (n = 393, 22%) was associated with a greater risk for HF (aHR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.32-1.97) and cardiovascular death (aHR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.35-2.03) and a decrease of more than 50% (n = 247, 14%) was associated with a lower risk for HF (aHR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.54-0.97) and cardiovascular death (aHR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.52-0.97) compared with participants with 50% or less change. Addition of baseline cTnT measurements to clinical risk factors was associated with only modest improvement in discrimination, with change in C statistic of 0.015 for HF and 0.013 for cardiovascular death.
CONCLUSION: In this cohort of older adults without known HF, baseline cTnT levels and changes in cTnT levels measured with a highly sensitive assay were significantly associated with incident HF and cardiovascular death.
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