癌症研究历史经典回顾和热点寻踪（二）
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对于癌基因研究如火如荼，第一个发现病毒癌基因的病毒学家，当时美国科学界的天之骄子Peter H Duesberg非但没有加入这个研究行列，而开始了他自己一生的反潮流科学生涯。他不承认存在细胞癌基因，也不相信肿瘤是这些所谓细胞癌基因作用的结果。当然，他还有一个至今被很多科学家看作不能赦免的罪过，即质疑艾滋病是HIV感染的结果。因此，他几乎成为生命科学界的异类，《科学美国人》称他是当今的哥白尼或者唐吉科德。
1: Duesberg PH. Retroviral transforming genes in normal cells?Nature. 1983 Jul 21-27;304(5923):219-26. Review.
PMID: 6346107 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
2: Duesberg PH. Activated proto-onc genes: sufficient or necessary for cancer?Science. 1985 May 10;228(4700):669-77.
3: Duesberg PH. Cancer genes: rare recombinants instead of activated oncogenes (a review).Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Apr;84:2117-24. Review.
PMID: 3550807 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
经过紧20年的反潮流研究，几乎被踢出美国NIH的Duesberg于90年代末和他的学生们提出了癌变的非整倍体假说。
1: Li R, Yerganian G, Duesberg P, Kraemer A, Willer A, Rausch C, Hehlmann R. Aneuploidy correlated 100% with chemical transformation of Chinese hamster cells.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Dec 23;94(26):14506-11.
PMID: 9405643 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
2: Duesberg P, Rasnick D. Aneuploidy, the somatic mutation that makes cancer a species of its own.Cell Motil Cytoskeleton. 2000 Oct;47(2):81-107. Review.
PMID: 11013390 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
3: Duesberg P, Li R, Fabarius A, Hehlmann R. Aneuploidy and cancer: from correlation to causation.Contrib Microbiol. 2006;13:16-44. Review.
PMID: 16627957 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
4: Duesberg P, Li R, Fabarius A, Hehlmann R. The chromosomal basis of cancer.Cell Oncol. 2005;27(5-6):293-318. Review.
PMID: 16373963 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
癌基因理论研究已经30年，最新的关于癌基因理论方面的认识。
1: Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. The hallmarks of cancer.Cell. 2000 Jan 7;100(1):57-70. Review. No abstract available.
PMID: 10647931 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
2: Hahn WC, Weinberg RA. Modelling the molecular circuitry of cancer.Nat Rev Cancer. 2002 May;2(5):331-41. Review.
PMID: 12044009 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
3: Hahn WC, Weinberg RA. Rules for making human tumor cells.N Engl J Med. 2002 Nov 14;347(20):1593-603. Review.
PMID: 12432047 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
4: Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW. Cancer genes and the pathways they control.Nat Med. 2004 Aug;10:789-99. Review.
PMID: 15286780 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
并不是只有Duesberg 一个人反对基因突变学说，还有不同的派别。来自Sonnenschein C和Soto AM.的看法：
1: Sonnenschein C, Soto AM. Somatic mutation theory of carcinogenesis: why it should be dropped and replaced.Mol Carcinog. 2000 Dec;29(4):205-11.
PMID: 11170258 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
2: Soto AM, Sonnenschein C. The somatic mutation theory of cancer: growing problems with the paradigm?Bioessays. 2004 Oct;26(10):1097-107. Review.
PMID: 15382143 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
3: Soto AM, Sonnenschein C. Emergentism as a default: cancer as a problem of tissue organization.J Biosci. 2005 Feb;30(1):103-18. Review.
PMID: 15824446 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
并不是只有Duesberg 一个人反对基因突变学说，还有不同的派别。来自HARRY Rubin的看法：
1: Rubin H. Is somatic mutation the major mechanism of malignant transformation?J Natl Cancer Inst. 1980 May;64(5):995-1000.
PMID: 6929024 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
2: Rubin H. Mutations and oncogenes--cause or effect.Nature. 1984 Jun 7-13;309(5968):518.
PMID: 6728009 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
3: Rubin H. Cancer as a dynamic developmental disorder.Cancer Res. 1985 Jul;45(7):2935-42. Review.
PMID: 3891078 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
4: Farber E, Rubin H. Cellular adaptation in the origin and development of cancer.Cancer Res. 1991 Jun 1;51(11):2751-61. Review.
PMID: 2032214 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
5: Rubin H. 'Spontaneous' transformation as aberrant epigenesis.Differentiation. 1993 Jun;53(2):123-37.
PMID: 8359592 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
6: Rubin H. What keeps cells in tissues behaving normally in the face of myriad mutations?Bioessays. 2006 May;28(5):515-24. Review.
PMID: 16615084 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
1: Duesberg PH. Retroviral transforming genes in normal cells?Nature. 1983 Jul 21-27;304(5923):219-26. Review.
PMID: 6346107 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
2: Duesberg PH. Activated proto-onc genes: sufficient or necessary for cancer?Science. 1985 May 10;228(4700):669-77.
3: Duesberg PH. Cancer genes: rare recombinants instead of activated oncogenes (a review).Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Apr;84:2117-24. Review.
PMID: 3550807 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
经过紧20年的反潮流研究，几乎被踢出美国NIH的Duesberg于90年代末和他的学生们提出了癌变的非整倍体假说。
1: Li R, Yerganian G, Duesberg P, Kraemer A, Willer A, Rausch C, Hehlmann R. Aneuploidy correlated 100% with chemical transformation of Chinese hamster cells.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Dec 23;94(26):14506-11.
PMID: 9405643 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
2: Duesberg P, Rasnick D. Aneuploidy, the somatic mutation that makes cancer a species of its own.Cell Motil Cytoskeleton. 2000 Oct;47(2):81-107. Review.
PMID: 11013390 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
3: Duesberg P, Li R, Fabarius A, Hehlmann R. Aneuploidy and cancer: from correlation to causation.Contrib Microbiol. 2006;13:16-44. Review.
PMID: 16627957 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
4: Duesberg P, Li R, Fabarius A, Hehlmann R. The chromosomal basis of cancer.Cell Oncol. 2005;27(5-6):293-318. Review.
PMID: 16373963 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
癌基因理论研究已经30年，最新的关于癌基因理论方面的认识。
1: Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. The hallmarks of cancer.Cell. 2000 Jan 7;100(1):57-70. Review. No abstract available.
PMID: 10647931 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
2: Hahn WC, Weinberg RA. Modelling the molecular circuitry of cancer.Nat Rev Cancer. 2002 May;2(5):331-41. Review.
PMID: 12044009 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
3: Hahn WC, Weinberg RA. Rules for making human tumor cells.N Engl J Med. 2002 Nov 14;347(20):1593-603. Review.
PMID: 12432047 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
4: Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW. Cancer genes and the pathways they control.Nat Med. 2004 Aug;10:789-99. Review.
PMID: 15286780 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
并不是只有Duesberg 一个人反对基因突变学说，还有不同的派别。来自Sonnenschein C和Soto AM.的看法：
1: Sonnenschein C, Soto AM. Somatic mutation theory of carcinogenesis: why it should be dropped and replaced.Mol Carcinog. 2000 Dec;29(4):205-11.
PMID: 11170258 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
2: Soto AM, Sonnenschein C. The somatic mutation theory of cancer: growing problems with the paradigm?Bioessays. 2004 Oct;26(10):1097-107. Review.
PMID: 15382143 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
3: Soto AM, Sonnenschein C. Emergentism as a default: cancer as a problem of tissue organization.J Biosci. 2005 Feb;30(1):103-18. Review.
PMID: 15824446 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
并不是只有Duesberg 一个人反对基因突变学说，还有不同的派别。来自HARRY Rubin的看法：
1: Rubin H. Is somatic mutation the major mechanism of malignant transformation?J Natl Cancer Inst. 1980 May;64(5):995-1000.
PMID: 6929024 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
2: Rubin H. Mutations and oncogenes--cause or effect.Nature. 1984 Jun 7-13;309(5968):518.
PMID: 6728009 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
3: Rubin H. Cancer as a dynamic developmental disorder.Cancer Res. 1985 Jul;45(7):2935-42. Review.
PMID: 3891078 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
4: Farber E, Rubin H. Cellular adaptation in the origin and development of cancer.Cancer Res. 1991 Jun 1;51(11):2751-61. Review.
PMID: 2032214 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
5: Rubin H. 'Spontaneous' transformation as aberrant epigenesis.Differentiation. 1993 Jun;53(2):123-37.
PMID: 8359592 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
6: Rubin H. What keeps cells in tissues behaving normally in the face of myriad mutations?Bioessays. 2006 May;28(5):515-24. Review.
PMID: 16615084 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
作者: cypress1975
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