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内参
内参在生物学研究中非常常见。例如RT-PCR或western blot实验中常用表达量稳定的管家基因/蛋白作为评估不同样本之间目标基因或蛋白变化的参考。以western blot为例，如果加药处理前后GAPDH或tublin、actin等基本没有变化，而目标蛋白表达变化明显，则说明“加药”过程中目标蛋白的表达受到影响。内参的引入可以排除上样量不同或样本处理过程中的偏差导致的可能误差···
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MicroRNA signatures in human cancers
Calin, GA; Croce, CM Nat. Rev. Cancer 2006,6(11)857-866 引用次数 928
这篇发表于Nature Review Cancer的综述文章阐述了miRNA，特别是肿瘤相关miRNA在染色体上的定位、调控肿瘤发生情况以及miRNA表达谱在肿瘤诊断，预后以及治疗效果监控方面的应用。该文作者为miRNA与肿瘤研究领域的领军人物，后来还就这一主题发表了多篇高水平综述以及研究报告。关注这一主题的战友可以跟踪相关文献。
【摘要】MicroRNA (miRNA) alterations are involved in the initiation and progression of human cancer. The causes of the widespread differential expression of miRNA genes in malignant compared with normal cells can be explained by the location of these genes in cancer-associated genomic regions, by epigenetic mechanisms and by alterations in the miRNA processing machinery. MiRNA-expression profiling of human tumours has identified signatures associated with diagnosis, staging, progression, prognosis and response to treatment. In addition, profiling has been exploited to identify miRNA genes that might represent downstream targets of activated oncogenic pathways, or that target protein-coding genes involved in cancer.
免费下载全文 http://www.nature.com/nrc/journal/v6/n11/pdf/nrc1997.pdf
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